4 02/17/2022 Motion View Document Motion Comment for Preliminary Injunctive Relief and Memorandum of Law
5 02/17/2022 Proposed Order Findings View Document Proposed Order Findings Comment Preliminary Injunction
6 02/17/2022 Motion for Order to Show Cause View Document Motion for Order to Show Cause
7 02/17/2022 Order to Show Cause View Document Order to Show Cause Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Comment Preliminary injunctive relief
8 02/17/2022 Notice of Issue View Document Notice of Issue
9 02/17/2022 Motion Hearing View Document Motion HearingJudicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
10 02/24/2022 Motion for Order to Show Cause View Document Motion for Order to Show Cause Comment AMENDED
11 02/24/2022 Notice of Hearing View Document Notice of Hearing
12 02/24/2022 Motion Hearing View Document Motion Hearing Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
13 02/25/2022 Order to Show Cause View Document Order to Show Cause Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Comment AMENDED -Preliminary injunctive relief
14 02/28/2022 Show Cause Original Type Show Cause View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 1:30 PM Result Stricken
02/28/2022 Show Cause Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel LHearing Time 1:30 PM Cancel Reason Clerical Error
15 02/28/2022 Hearing Stricken In Court Other Reason View Document Mason Minutes
16 03/02/2022 Affidavit Declaration Certificate Confirmation of Service View Document Affidavit Declaration Certificate Confirmation of Service
17 03/07/2022 Show Cause Original Type Show Cause View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 1:15 PM Result Held Parties Present Plaintiff Attorney: Nichols, Julie Sund, Plaintiff Attorney: Nichols, Julie Sund
18 03/07/2022 Motion Hearing View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
19 03/07/2022 Order Granting Motion Petition View Document Order Granting Motion Petition Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Comment FOR PRELIMINARY INJUCTIVE RELIEF
20 03/09/2022 Writ View Document Writ Comment OF ASSISTANCE
21 03/11/2022 Motion and Affidavit Declaration View Document Motion and Affidavit Declaration
22 03/11/2022 Order Denying Motion Petition View Document Order Denying Motion Petition Judicial Officer Ferguson-Brown, Cadine
24 03/14/2022 Motion and Affidavit Declaration View Document Motion and Affidavit Declaration Comment stay on writ Document has been cut and taped
25 03/14/2022 Order Granting Motion Petition View Document Order Granting Motion PetitionJudicial Officer Finlay, Amber L Comment For Stay on the Writ of Assistance
27 03/23/2022 Declaration Affidavit View Document Declaration AffidavitComment Stephen Whitehouse
28 03/23/2022 Declaration of Mailing View Document Declaration of Mailing
29 03/28/2022 Motion Hearing Original Type Motion Hearing View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 1:30 PM Result HeldParties PresentPlaintiffAttorney: Nichols, Julie Sund Plaintiff Attorney: Nichols, Julie Sund Defendant: NULL, BRIAN
30 03/28/2022 Motion Hearing View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
31 03/28/2022 Order of Continuance View Document Order of Continuance Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
33 04/04/2022 Motion Hearing Original Type Motion Hearing View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 1:30 PM Result HeldParties PresentPlaintiffAttorney: Nichols, Julie Sund Plaintiff Attorney: Nichols, Julie Sund Defendant: NULL, BRIAN
34 04/04/2022 Notice of Appearance View Document Notice of Appearance
35 04/04/2022 Notice of Hearing View Document Notice of HearingComment presentation of Orders
36 04/04/2022 Motion Hearing View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
37 04/11/2022 Presentation of Order Original Type Presentation of Order View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 1:30 PM Result Held
38 04/11/2022 Motion Hearing View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
39 04/12/2022 Order Authorizing View Document Order AuthorizingJudicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Comment LIFTING STAY PARTIALLY AND AMENDING ORDER FROM 3-7-22
40 04/14/2022 Notice of Withdrawal of Attorney View Document Notice of Withdrawal of Attorney
41 05/04/2022 Notice of Hearing View Document Notice of Hearing
42 05/04/2022 Motion for Summary Judgment View Document Motion for Summary Judgment
43 05/04/2022 Declaration of Mailing View Document Declaration of Mailing
44 06/06/2022 Summary Judgment Original Type Summary Judgment View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Cobb, Monty D Hearing Time 1:30 PMResult Held Comment Tammy with Whitehouse Case called on 6/1/2022 at 11:00 AM – SL Parties PresentPlaintiffAttorney: Nichols, Julie Sund Plaintiff Attorney: Nichols, Julie Sund Defendant: NULL, BRIAN
49 06/13/2022 Motion Hearing Original Type Motion Hearing View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Cobb, Monty D Hearing Time 1:30 PMResult Held Comment Tami w/ Whitehouse & Nichols called to confirm on 6/8/22 at 9:02 AM – SLParties PresentPlaintiffAttorney: Nichols, Julie Sund Plaintiff Attorney: Nichols, Julie Sund Defendant: NULL, BRIAN
Mark Feldman MD, in Sleisenger and Fordtran’s Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease, 2021
Blastocystis hominis
B. hominis is an intestinal protozoan that commonly infects the human colon. After many years of confusion regarding its taxonomy,Blastocystis is now recognized as a stramenopile, which is one of the major groups of eukaryotes and includes brown algae, diatoms, water molds, etc.139 To date, only one other stramenopile (i.e.,Pythium) is known to infect humans. Diameter ranges from 3 to 30 μm. In culture,B. hominis has ameboid, vacuolated, granular,65 and cystic forms. The distribution ofB. hominis is worldwide, but infection is most common in the tropics.81 In a large study of intestinal parasitism in the USA,B. hominis was identified in 2.6% of stool specimens submitted to state health departments; more than 70% of positive samples were from California.85 Among American travelers and expatriates, the prevalence often exceeds 30%.81
The significance ofB. hominis as a pathogen remains controversial. Several studies have suggested an association with IBS, but neither cause nor effect has been established, and in most series,B. hominis infection is not more common among patients with GI complaints than among asymptomatic control subjects.81 Interestingly, there is tremendous genetic heterogeneity amongB. hominis isolates, which may explain the apparent differences in clinical manifestations of infection.139 Multiple studies have used metronidazole (750 mg orally 3 times a day for 10 days) or iodoquinol (650 mg orally 3 times a day for 20 days) for treatment of symptomatic patients, with an overall improvement rate of about 50%.80 Clinical improvement in some patients may relate to treatment of more virulent isolates, but it may also be a result of treatment of unrecognized infections with other organisms, because many people infected withB. hominis simultaneously harbor known pathogens.128 In one series of patients withB. hominis infection, 84% of patients were found to have at least one recognized pathogen other thanB. hominis (E. histolytica,G. intestinalis, orD. fragilis) when repeated stool examinations were obtained.128
Blastocystis hominis is a common stool commensal (up to 19% of normal controls in the United States are colonized). There is evidence that heavy infestations may be associated with cramps, vomiting, dehydration, abdominal pain, sleeplessness, nausea, weight loss, lassitude, dizziness, flatus, anorexia, pruritus, and tenesmus.
B. hominis infections in primates have been cured with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In vitro susceptibility tests show that the following drugs may be effective, in descending order: emetine, metronidazole, nitazoxanide, furazolidone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, iodochlorhydroxyquin (Entero-Vioform), and pentamidine. Chloroquine and iodoquinol have also been reported as effective treatments.
The role of B. hominis as a human pathogen is still controversial. Some published reports, based on clinical and laboratory studies, have suggested that when B. hominis-associated diarrhea appears to respond to therapy, improvement may, in fact, be due to some other undetected organism that is actually causing the problem.
Blastocystis hominis is a common stool commensal (up to 19% of normal controls in the United States are colonized). There is evidence that heavy infestations may be associated with cramps, vomiting, dehydration, abdominal pain, sleeplessness, nausea, weight loss, lassitude, dizziness, flatus, anorexia, pruritus, and tenesmus.
B. hominis infections in primates have been cured with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. In vitro susceptibility tests show that the following drugs may be effective, in descending order: emetine, metronidazole, nitazoxanide, furazolidone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, iodochlorhydroxyquin (Entero-Vioform), and pentamidine. Chloroquine and iodoquinol have also been reported as effective treatments.
The role of B. hominis as a human pathogen is still controversial. Some published reports, based on clinical and laboratory studies, have suggested that when B. hominis-associated diarrhea appears to respond to therapy, improvement may, in fact, be due to some other undetected organism that is actually causing the problem.
Blastocystis hominis is a common inhabitant of the human intestinal tract. For many years it was regarded as a harmless yeast, but it is now considered by most to be a protozoan. The potential for B. hominis as a pathogen is a subject of debate. Reported symptoms associated with heavy B. hominis infection in the absence of other recognized pathogenic organisms include mild diarrhea, nausea, anorexia, and fatigue. It remains uncertain whether B. hominis itself is the cause of symptoms or if it is only a marker of some other unidentified pathogen. Markell and Udkow have given an interesting and compelling perspective to this controversy. In 32 symptomatic subjects initially found with B. hominis alone or in combination with nonpathogenic protozoa, an additional series of stool specimens (up to six) were rigorously examined. In 27 of those 32 patients, at least one known pathogenic protozoa in addition to B. hominis was found. B. hominis persisted, but symptoms improved in all 27 patients treated specifically for these other pathogenic protozoa. It was concluded that B. hominis is not a pathogen, that treatment with common antiprotozoal drugs may not eliminate it from the stool, and that “symptomatic blastocystosis” was attributable to either an undetected parasite or parasites in some patients or functional bowel problems in others.
Blastocystis spp. (formerly Blastocystis hominis) are transmitted via the fecal–oral route through contaminated food or water; the cysts survive in water for up to 19 days at normal temperatures.2,8 Although other modes of transmission are not defined, the incidence and apparent worldwide distribution suggest the traditional route of infection. When genotypic results from animal isolates were compared with the diversity of genotypes of human Blastocystis spp. isolates, the human isolates were defined as the same as the subtypes of the pet isolates, as well as the tapwater isolates. Thus, the possibility of zoonotic transmission appears to be very likely.9
There are a number of different subtypes/strains/species included in this complex, some of which are considered pathogenic and some are nonpathogenic. Prevention would involve improved personal hygiene and sanitary conditions.
Blastocystis hominis is found worldwide with a prevalence in some studies as high as 58% and generally exceeds that of other organisms; even 15% of stool submitted in the USA for O&P examination may be positive. Fecal-oral transmission is postulated. Studies suggest the existence of numerous zoonotic isolates with frequent animal-to-human and human-to-animal transmission and of a large potential reservoir in animals for infections in humans. The pathogenicity of B. hominis has long been controversial. Several case-control analyses show no increase in prevalence in patients with diarrhea, with high carriage rates in asymptomatic individuals. Many patients infected with Blastocystis also carry other pathogens; endoscopic studies have not found intestinal pathology, thus causality can be difficult to discern.View chapterPurchase book
Blastocystis hominis and Blastocystis spp. Infection
James D. Cherry MD, MSc, in Feigin and Cherry’s Textbook of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, 2019
Treatment
Given the controversy surrounding the pathogenicity ofB. hominis, a prudent approach is to refrain from treating asymptomatic immunocompetent persons.21 In patients who have gastrointestinal illness, including IBS, and in whom other pathogens have been excluded, administering a course of antiprotozoal chemotherapy may be reasonable. The results of several drug studies, including three that were placebo controlled, indicate that therapeutic improvements with parasite clearance in symptomatic patients were noted with the use of metronidazole (15–30 mg/kg per day for 7 to 10 days), nitazoxanide (200 mg twice daily for children 4–11 years old and 100 mg twice daily for children 1–3 years old for 3 days), and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (6 mg/kg trimethoprim and 30 mg/kg sulfamethoxazole daily in two equal doses for 7 days in children; 320 mg trimethoprim and 1600 mg sulfamethoxazole daily in two equal doses for 7 days in adults).22,38 However, because these drugs are broad spectrum, it is possible that clinical improvement may have been a consequence of treating an unidentified enteric pathogen.38 To date, the scientific community has been unable to fulfill the Koch postulates for members of the genusBlastocystis.38 Some investigators have reported symptomatic improvement in patients receiving either metronidazole or tinidazole.5,11
Using an in vitro assay that used metabolic labeling, researchers found that the drugs emetine, satranidazole, furazolidone, and quinacrine were superior in activity to either metronidazole or tinidazole.5 These authors cautioned, however, that the in vitro assay does not take into account the pharmacokinetic properties of the drugs. More recent in vitro testing of ST1, ST3, ST4, and ST8 found thatB. hominis exhibits minimal sensitivity to metronidazole, paromomycin, and triple therapy consisting of furazolidone, nitazoxanide, and secnidazole; however, sensitivity to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and ivermectin was observed.31 A clinical pilot study from Australia reported on the efficacy of triple antibiotic therapy in 10 adult patients withBlastocystis-positive IBS.23 The three-drug (or drug combination) regimen comprised diloxanide furoate, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and secnidazole for 14 days, and it was shown to clearBlastocystis infection in 60% of patients, but with inconclusive effects on IBS in this small pilot study, such that larger studies may be required.23 Ultimately, additional studies that examine drug sensitivities of differentBlastocystis subtypes may help clarify this situation, but for now the status of treating humanBlastocystis infection remains controversial.35
Blastocystis hominis is a protozoon of controversial clinical significance, and probably the most common intestinal parasite of man. In various studies it has been found more frequently in stool samples of patients with TD than in healthy controls. It is hypothesized that the development of diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms is associated with certain subtypes.32 Diagnosis is usually readily available by microscopy; subtypes can be determined by genotyping.
Microsporidia have occasionally been found as a cause of TD.33 Even after treatment and resolution of diarrhea, microsporidia may be found in stool. Persistent diarrhea is seen preferably in immunocompromised patients. Diagnosis is made by stool microscopy using specific staining methods or by more sensitive tests, such as PCR.
Helminthic parasites are not a cause of typical TD, but diarrhea may be a symptom of various helminth infections, such as strongyloidiasis, trichuriasis, fasciolopsiasis, intestinal schistosomiasis or trichinellosis. Blood eosinophilia is frequently present. Diagnosis by parasitological stool investigations can be difficult in travelers, as parasite burdens are usually low. Then, serology and new PCR methods may be helpful.
Blastocystis hominis is an enteric parasite of humans and a wide variety of animals. Its geographic range is global and the organism has been known since the early part of the 20th century. It is the causative agent of traveler’s diarrhea, rectal bleeding, fever, and irritable bowel syndrome. The taxonomic status of the organism is still questionable, but based on information derived from sequencing studies from multiple conserved genes, it is considered a polymorphic protozoan in the stramenopile group of protists. Its life cycle includes four stages, a vacuolated stage, most commonly found in stool samples, amoeboid, precystic, and cystic stages. The amoeboid stage reproduces by binary fission, while the cystic stages are considered, by many, the transmissible stages. The cystic stage comprises thin-walled and thick-walled types with the former probably being the autoinfective stage and the latter’s role being that of external transmission. B. hominis displays extreme genetic diversity. The forms that are infective to humans can be assigned to at least seven zoonotic subtypes based on their genotypes. It is now believed that such genetic diversity is indicative of the pathogenic and non-pathogenic nature of the organism. While no treatment is indicated, metronidazole has proven effective in a number of clinical cases.
Subtypes, pathogenicity, immune response and immunomodulation
This microorganism was historically referred as Blastocystis hominis when isolated from humans, but humans can be infected with other species (e.g., B. ratti). Molecular studies using the small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (SSU) revealed at least 17 Blastocystis subtypes (STs), all of which are morphologically similar but genetically distinct (Alfellani et al., 2013; Stensvold et al., 2007). Thereafter, the designation “Blastocystis spp. STnn” covers all subtypes, of which ST1 to ST9 and ST12 have been detected in humans, and ST1 to ST4 are involved in 90% of human cases (Stensvold and Clark, 2016). Further, subtypes ST18 to ST26 have been proposed to infect humans, but this finding is still controversial (Maloney et al., 2019; Stensvold and Clark, 2020).
To date, there is no proven relationship between Blastocystis STs and virulence, although there appears to be an association. However, key processes involved in intestinal pathogenicity have been identified. In vitro interaction experiments have shown that Blastocystis is able to (a) attach intestinal mucin; (b) promote tight junction alteration mediated by Rho/ROCK, which, in turn, disrupts epithelial barrier function, hence increasing permeability; (c) NF-κB-mediated secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (GM-CSF, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α) (Fig. 4A); and (d) enterocyte apoptosis by contact-independent, caspase 3-dependent mechanisms (Lim et al., 2014; Puthia et al., 2006) (Fig. 4B). The high genetic variability among Blastocystis isolates is a major contributing factor, not only to explain the distinct inter-ST and intra-ST abilities to induce the alterations mentioned above (Gentekaki et al., 2017; Wu et al., 2014), but also to define likely virulence factors and immune evasion mechanisms used by this parasite.
In spite of the non-invasive nature and controvert pathogenicity of Blastocystis spp., local-intestinal and systemic immune responses have been observed, but are somewhat conflicting. In symptomatic humans, higher levels of serum IgG have been found than in asymptomatic individuals, with variable levels of IgA in serum (Mahmoud and Saleh, 2003; Zierdt et al., 1995). On the other hand, mucosal antibody response in the intestine, mediated by secretory IgA (Fig. 4C), seems to be associated with latent infection, because this isotype is more abundant both in symptomatic patients and in immunized BALB/c mice, acting as a first-line defense against attachment and invasiveness by Blastocystis (Mahmoud and Saleh, 2003; Santos and Rivera, 2009). Further, in pigs, where ST1, ST3 and mainly ST5 predominate, a study testing IgA by immunoblot in 233 fecal samples from asymptomatic, PCR-positive pigs revealed 81% reactivity against different protein bands of a Blastocystis extract from isolate WR-1 (ST4), particularly against a 250 kDa component (Wang et al., 2014). In this context, recent experiments have identified an important role for secreted proteases as major candidate for virulence factors based on their ability to degrade secreted antibodies, disrupt epithelial barrier function and promote the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Ajjampur and Tan, 2016; Nourrisson et al., 2016). Particularly cysteine proteases of Blastocystis from symptomatic human cases displayed a higher enzyme activity than those from asymptomatic carriers (Mirza and Tan, 2009). Indeed, secretory dimeric IgA was degraded by cellular and secretory Blastocystis proteases of the cysteine (isolate B, ST7) and a aspartic protease (isolate WR-1, ST4) (Puthia et al., 2005). Interestingly, a variant repertoire and activity of cysteine proteases within and among STs have been reported (Gentekaki et al., 2017; Mirza and Tan, 2009), supporting the notion of variability in pathogenicity and in immune evasion ability among STs.
NO is an important component of the innate immune system, which is produced in large quantities from l-arginine through the activation of NOSII, and is a free radical causing nitrosative stress-mediated death in microbial pathogens. In Blastocystis, necrosis as well as apoptosis-like processes might be induced by NO (Eida et al., 2008; Mirza et al., 2011b) (Fig. 4D). Interestingly, Blastocystis isolate B (ST7) is more prone to apoptosis (i.e., more susceptible to NO) than isolate WR-1 (ST4) (Eida et al., 2008); nevertheless, the ST7 isolate is able to downregulate NOSII mRNA levels in colonic epithelial cell monolayers (CaCo-2) (Mirza et al., 2011b). Although the ST7 isolate contains much higher arginase activity than ST4 isolate, this feature is thought to be secondary to the decrease in NOSII expression in evasion (Mirza et al., 2011a).
Cellular immune response elicited by Blastocystis spp. has been studied in vitro and in vivo. The ability of this parasite to disrupt intestinal barrier integrity allows its secreted antigens to cross epithelium and reach the lamina propria, thus reaching effector cells. In this context, cysteine proteases released by Blastocystis negatively affect enterocyte junctions through Rho kinase activation, F-actin rearrangement and ZO-1 distribution increasing epithelial permeability (Mirza et al., 2012; Puthia et al., 2006). Experimental infections with cysts in BALB/c mice (human isolate) and rats (isolate RN94-9, ST4) showed, by histological examination, an intense infiltration of pro-inflammatory cells in colonic and caecal mucosa, with a moderate increase in goblet cell numbers (Iguchi et al., 2009; Moe et al., 1997). This recruitment is, in part, mediated by soluble mediators acting on inducing granulocytes/macrophages (GM-CSF) and neutrophil recruitment (IL-8), both released by colonic epithelial cell lines (HT-29 and T84) in response to infection by Blastocystis (Long et al., 2001). Regarding mucus production by goblet cells that alleviate colitis-induced symptoms, this production is triggered via IL-22 from CD4 + cells (Leung et al., 2014). In addition, macrophages initially resident in the lamina propria or recruited to the inflamed bowel may be induced by serine proteases from Blastocystis, which may activate protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), which, in turn, triggers mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways involving ERK1/2 and JNK, thereby promoting the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines as IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα (Lim et al., 2014) (Fig. 4E). Interestingly, this response was found to be more intense when macrophages and even mice with colitis or mouse colon explants were exposed to lysates from isolate B (ST7) as compared with isolate WR-1 (ST4), indicating a differential pro-inflammatory potential among STs (Lim et al., 2014). Further, some IBS cases with concomitant Blastocystis infection are refractory to metronidazole treatment, as parasite isolates (e.g., isolate B) display resistance to this drug (Mirza et al., 2011a). Moreover, isolate B has a higher virulence-arsenal than isolate WR-1, as it contains more cysteine and serine proteases, and arginase activities that appear to explain isolate B’s higher IgA degradation capacity, higher phosphorylation of MAPKs leading to higher pro-inflammatory responses and lower NO production in host cells to allow parasite survival.
The relationship between cellular immune responses to Blastocystis and development of intestinal inflammation, i.e., IBS/IBD, is unclear, but there are significant insights into the activation of the immune response, loss of tolerance to the parasite and immunosuppression (Kaser et al., 2010; Strober et al., 2002). In IBS patients with concomitant Blastocystis infection, lower levels of CD3 + and CD4 + cells and CD4 +/CD8 + ratios were observed (Wang et al., 2002) (Fig. 4F). In the same context, IBS patients infected with subtypes ST1 or ST3 produced higher levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines as IL-8, IL-12 and TNFα compared to patients with only IBS (Yakoob et al., 2014) (Fig. 4G). In addition, Blastocystis carriers harbouring polymorphisms in the alleles of pro-inflammatory IL-8 + 396 (GG) and anti-inflammatory IL-10-592 (C) cytokines were at significant risk of developing IBS (Olivo-Diaz et al., 2012) (Fig. 4H).
Besides pro-inflammatory cytokines, there is limited information regarding other soluble parasite mediators. Interestingly, colorectal cancer cell line HCT116 exposed to antigen extracts of Blastocystis from symptomatic patients significantly up-regulated transcription factor NF-κB, Th-1 (IFN-γ and TNFα) and Th-2 (IL-6, IL-8 and TGFβ) mRNA responses with dominance of Th-2 pattern in comparison with the same cells exposed to extracts from asymptomatic patients (Chan et al., 2012). Considering this aspect, a comparison among subtypes ST1 to ST5 showed that ST3 evoked a higher up-regulation of Th-2 cytokines, particularly TGFβ (Kumarasamy et al., 2013). Altogether, these observations provide evidence of host immunomodulation induced by this parasite.
16 12/21/2021 Proposed Parenting Plan View Document Proposed Parenting Plan
17 12/21/2021 Declaration in Supp of Parenting Plan View Document Declaration in Supp of Parenting Plan
18 12/22/2021 Temporary Order Original Type Temporary Order View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Ferguson-Brown, Cadine Hearing Time 1:30 PM Result Held Comment CONFIRMED via phone 12/14/2021 by Dennis Cygan. -BH Parties Present Petitioner (WIP): FERRAND, RACHEL A Respondent (WIP) Attorney: PESICKA, RYAN MATTHEW Petitioner (WIP) Attorney: Wilcox, Bailey James
Comment (COUNT III 9 MONTHS JAIL WITH 12 MONTHS COMMUNITY CUSTODY WITH CONDITIONS COUNT IV 9 MONTHS JAIL COUNT V 9 MONTHS JAIL; CREDIT FOR TIME SERVED NO CONTACT WITH TRISTIAN RAEMER HARDING FOR 5 YEARS)
Confinement
Type: Local Jail
Effective Date: 05/10/2021
Report Date: 05/10/2021
Term: 9 Months
Probation: 12 Months
Credit for Time Served Determined by Corrections
Restitution and Other Fees
Debtor: HARDING, BRANDON JON
Current Sentence Status:
Status: Active
Status Date: 05/10/2021
Signing Judge: Cobb, Monty D
Signed Date: 05/10/2021
Effective Date: 05/10/2021
Fees and Fines: $500.00
Events and Hearings
41 21.8.10 Hrg Strk NonApp 456
12/14/2020 Preliminary Appearance Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber LHearing Time 9:00 AMResult HeldComment ASSAULT 2, UNL IMPRSNMNT, FEL HRSMNT, UPF, RAPE 2 Parties PresentDefendant (WIP): HARDING, BRANDON JON
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12/14/2020 Findings of Indigency
2 12/14/2020 Order Appointing Attorney View Document Order Appointing AttorneyJudicial Officer Finlay, Amber L
3 12/14/2020 Order Establishing Conditions of Release View Document Order Establishing Conditions of Release Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L Comment BAIL
4 12/14/2020 No Contact Order View Document No Contact OrderJudicial Officer Cobb, Monty DComment PRE-CHARGE DV/TELEPHONIC
6 12/15/2020 Notice of Appearance View Document Notice of Appearance
7 12/15/2020 Demand For View Document Demand ForComment DISCOVERY
8 12/16/2020 Order Expending Public Funds View Document Order Expending Public FundsComment INVESTIGATOR $450 AUTHORIZED
12/16/2020 Ex Parte Action With Order Judicial Officer Cobb, Monty D
9 12/16/2020 Information View Document InformationComment 6 CTS
12/28/2020 Arraignment Judicial Officer(s) Goodell, Daniel L, Cobb, Monty D Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties PresentPlaintiff (Criminal): STATE OF WASHINGTONDeputy Prosecuting Attorney: Bickerton, Tyler Craig Defendant (WIP): HARDING, BRANDON JON
10 12/28/2020 No Contact Order View Document Order for Sexual Assault Protection Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Comment Sexual Protection Order
11 12/28/2020 Order Setting Trial Date View Document Order Setting Trial Date Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Comment FSD 3-12-21
13 01/13/2021 Omnibus Application of Prosecuting Attorney View Document Omnibus Application of Prosecuting Attorney
01/19/2021 Omnibus Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties PresentPlaintiff (Criminal): STATE OF WASHINGTONDeputy Prosecuting Attorney: Bickerton, Tyler Craig Defendant (WIP): HARDING, BRANDON JON
14 01/19/2021 Order Setting Trial Date View Document Order Setting Trial Date Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Comment 4-19-21 FSD
16 01/20/2021 Omnibus Order View Document Omnibus Order Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
01/20/2021 Ex Parte Action With Order Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
02/01/2021 Pre-Trial Management Hearing Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Cancel Reason Continuance
17 02/01/2021 Motion and Affidavit Declaration View Document Motion and Affidavit Declaration Comment REDUCE BAIL
18 02/01/2021 Notice of Hearing View Document Notice of HearingComment MOTION TO REDUCE BAIL
19 02/03/2021 Order Expending Public Funds View Document Order Expending Public Funds Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Comment INVESTIGATIVE SERVICES @$45 PER HR UP TO 10 HRS TOTAL OF $450.00
02/03/2021 Ex Parte Action With Order Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
02/08/2021 Motion Hearing Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Comment REDUCE BAIL Parties Present Plaintiff (Criminal): STATE OF WASHINGTON Deputy Prosecuting Attorney: Bickerton, Tyler CraigDefendant (WIP): HARDING, BRANDON JON
20 02/08/2021 Order Denying Motion Petition View Document Order Denying Motion Petition Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L Comment DEF’S MT TO MODIFY CONDITIONS
02/16/2021 Jury Trial-12 Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Cancel Reason Continuance
02/16/2021 Trial Confirmation Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 9:00 AMCancel Reason Continuance Comment TRIAL STATUS
02/22/2021 Pre-Trial Management Hearing Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties PresentPlaintiff (Criminal): STATE OF WASHINGTON Deputy Prosecuting Attorney: Bickerton, Tyler Craig
22 02/22/2021 Sheriffs Return on Service View Document Sheriffs Return on ServiceComment subpoenas
23 02/22/2021 Order to Appear for Pretrial Hrg Conf View Document Order to Appear for Pretrial Hrg Conf
02/23/2021 Pre-Trial Management Hearing Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties PresentPlaintiff (Criminal): STATE OF WASHINGTON Deputy Prosecuting Attorney: Bickerton, Tyler Craig Defendant (WIP): HARDING, BRANDON JON
25 02/23/2021 Waiver of Speedy Trial View Document Waiver of Speedy Trial Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
26 02/23/2021 Order Setting Trial Date View Document Order Setting Trial Date Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Comment FSD 5-11-21
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04/12/2021 Pre-Trial Management Hearing Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties PresentPlaintiff (Criminal): STATE OF WASHINGTON Deputy Prosecuting Attorney: Bickerton, Tyler Craig Defendant (WIP): HARDING, BRANDON JON Attorney: Bradshaw, Sunshine Morning
30 04/12/2021 Order to Appear for Pretrial Hrg Conf View Document Order to Appear for Pretrial Hrg Conf Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Comment 9:00 OR COP
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32 04/12/2021 Motion Hearing View Document Motion Hearing Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
04/26/2021 Change of Plea Original Type Change of Plea Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Comment OR PRETRIAL 9:00 Parties Present Plaintiff (Criminal): STATE OF WASHINGTON Deputy Prosecuting Attorney: Bickerton, Tyler Craig Defendant (WIP): HARDING, BRANDON JON Attorney: Bradshaw, Sunshine Morning
33 04/26/2021 Order for Hearing View Document Order for HearingJudicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Comment SENTENCING/NEEDS FIREARM WARNING
34 04/26/2021 Statement of Defendant on Plea of Guilty View Document Statement of Defendant on Plea of Guilty Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L
04/26/2021 Case Resolution Guilty Plea Before Trial Commencement
35 04/26/2021 Guilty Plea Only Hearing View Document Guilty Plea Only Hearing
04/27/2021 Trial Confirmation Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 9:00 AMCancel Reason Plea Entered Comment TRIAL STATUS *COP SET FOR 4-26-21*
04/27/2021 Jury Trial-12 Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Cancel Reason Plea Entered
05/10/2021 Sentencing Hearing Original Type Sentencing Hearing Judicial Officer Cobb, Monty D Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Comment 9:00 Parties Present Plaintiff (Criminal): STATE OF WASHINGTON Deputy Prosecuting Attorney: Bickerton, Tyler Craig Defendant (WIP): HARDING, BRANDON JON Attorney: Bradshaw, Sunshine Morning
36 05/10/2021 No Contact Order View Document No Contact Order Judicial Officer Cobb, Monty D Comment POST CONVICTION
37 05/10/2021 Felony Judgment and Sentence View Document Felony Judgment and Sentence Judicial Officer Cobb, Monty D
39 08/03/2021 Motion View Document Motion Comment TO RESCIND NCO
40 08/03/2021 Notice of Hearing View Document Notice of Hearing
08/10/2021 No Contact Order Original Type No Contact Order Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Stricken Comment VICTIM’S MT TO RESCIND
41 08/10/2021 Hearing Stricken In Court NonAppearance View Document Hearing Stricken In Court NonAppearance
4 02/17/2021 Transmittal on Copy of Order View Document Transmittal on Copy of Order
5 02/19/2021 Return of Service View Document Return of Service
6 02/26/2021 Domestic Violence View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Cobb, Monty D Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties Present Petitioner (WIP): HARDING, TRISTINA
8 02/26/2021 Order for Protection View Document Order for Protection Judicial Officer Cobb, Monty D
02/26/2021 Case Resolution Closed by Court Order After a Hearing
9 02/26/2021 Transmittal on Copy of Order View Document Transmittal on Copy of Order
10 03/01/2021 Order to Surrender Weapon CPL Restriction View Document Order to Surrender Weapon CPL Restriction Judicial Officer Cobb, Monty D
03/01/2021 Ex Parte Action With Order Judicial Officer Cobb, Monty D
11 03/03/2021 Return of Service View Document Return of Service
12 05/28/2021 Notice of Withdrawal of Attorney View Document Notice of Withdrawal of Attorney
06/25/2021 Confidential Information Form
13 06/25/2021 Motion and Affidavit Declaration View Document Motion and Affidavit Declaration
14 06/25/2021 Order Modifying Terminating Terms of Protective Order View Document Order Modifying Terminating Terms of Protective OrderJudicial Officer Ferguson-Brown, Cadine
12/01/2020 Sealed Financial Source Documents Comment WF JOINT BANK ACCOUNT
12/01/2020 Sealed Financial Source Documents Comment WF BANK ACCOUNT RA
27 12/02/2020 Temporary Order View Document Mason MinutesJudicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D Hearing Time 1:30 PMResult ContinuedParties PresentPetitioner (WIP): ALLRED, ROBERT NEIL JRAttorney: Rawnsley, Patrick William Respondent (WIP): ALLRED, JENNA MARIE KELLY
28 12/02/2020 Hearing Continued Unspecified View Document Mason MinutesComment Not confirmed
29 12/07/2020 Temporary Order View Document Mason Minutes View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D Hearing Time 1:00 PM Result HeldParties PresentPetitioner (WIP): ALLRED, ROBERT NEIL JR Attorney: Rawnsley, Patrick William Respondent (WIP): ALLRED, JENNA MARIE KELLY
30 12/07/2020 Motion Hearing View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
31 12/16/2020 Presentation of Order View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Comment SPECIAL SET AT 9:30 Parties Present Petitioner (WIP) Attorney: Rawnsley, Patrick William Respondent (WIP): ALLRED, JENNA MARIE KELLY
32 12/16/2020 Motion Hearing View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
33 12/16/2020 Temporary Family Law Order View Document Temporary Family Law Order Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
35 12/16/2020 Order Appointing Guardian Ad Litem View Document Order Appointing Guardian Ad Litem Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D Comment WILLIAM KOGUT
36 12/16/2020 Parenting Plan Temporary View Document Parenting Plan Temporary Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
37 12/16/2020 Temporary Order of Child Support View Document Temporary Order of Child Support Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
38 12/16/2020 Child Support Worksheet View Document Child Support Worksheet Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
02/03/2021 Review Hearing Judicial Officer Goodell, Daniel L Hearing Time 1:30 PM Cancel Reason Clerical Error
39 03/10/2021 Motion for Temporary Order View Document Motion for Temporary Order
40 03/10/2021 Motion View Document Motion Comment FOR ORDER FOR ATTORNEY’S FEES
44 03/10/2021 Notice of Hearing View Document Notice of Hearing
45 03/10/2021 Notice of Absence Unavailability View Document Notice of Absence Unavailability Comment THERESA PETREY 3/22/21 TO 4/09/21
03/17/2021 Motion Hearing Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D Hearing Time 1:30 PM Cancel Reason Stricken Comment Motion for Temp Orders Motion for Fees
46 04/26/2021 Notice of Intent to Withdraw View Document Notice of Intent to Withdraw
13-2-00212-8 | DISCOVER BANK VS WENDY L SMITH AND DOE I Case Number 13-2-00212-8
Court Mason
File Date 04/02/2013
Case Type COM Commercial
Case Status Completed/Re-Completed
Party
Plaintiff DISCOVER BANK
Active Attorneys Lead AttorneyFRIEDL, LAURIE K
Retained
Defendant SMITH, WENDY L
Defendant SMITH, DOE I
Disposition Events
04/12/2013 Judgment
Judgment Type General Recovery
Monetary/Property Award
Creditors: DISCOVER BANK
Debtors: SMITH, DOE I, SMITH, WENDY L
Signed Date: 04/12/2013
Filed Date: 04/12/2013
Effective Date: 04/12/2013
Current Judgment Status:
Status: Fully Satisfied
Status Date: 09/11/2013
Comment: Judgments this case: 1 Signed by: COMMISSIONER ROBERT D SAUERLENDER 2013-04-12 DFJG DEFAULT JUDGMENT JUDGMENT IN FAVOR OF DISCOVER BANK AND AGAINST WENDY L SMITH AND DOE I, AND THEIR MARITAL COMMUNITY COMPOSED THEREOF, PRINCIPAL AMOUNT 4,186.35. FILING FEE 240.00. SERVICE OF PROCESS 79.50. ATTORNEY’S FEES 400.00. TOTAL: $4,905.85 12% INTEREST 2013-09-11 STFJG SATISFACTION OF JUDGMENT
Events and Hearings
04/02/2013 Filing Fee Received Comment -: FILING FEE RECEIVED;
04/02/2013 Case Information Cover Sheet Comment -: CASE INFORMATION COVER SHEET;
04/02/2013 Complaint View Document COMPLAINT FOR MONIES DUE Comment 2: COMPLAINT FOR MONIES DUE;
04/02/2013 Affidavit Declaration Certificate Confirmation of Service View Document AFFIDAVIT_DCLR_CERT OF SERVICE Comment 3: AFFIDAVIT/DCLR/CERT OF SERVICE;
04/02/2013 Motion for Default View Document MOTION FOR DEFAULT Comment 4: MOTION FOR DEFAULT;
04/02/2013 Cost Bill View Document COST BILL Comment 5: COST BILL;
05/30/2013 Motion and Affidavit Declaration View Document MOTION AND AFFIDAVIT_DECLARATION Comment 10: MOTION AND AFFIDAVIT/DECLARATION; FOR ORDER DIRECTING ANSWERS;
05/30/2013 Filing Fee Received Comment -: FILING FEE RECEIVED;
06/06/2013 Order Compelling Answers to Interrogatories View Document ORDER COMPEL ANSWER INTERROGATORIES Comment 11: ORDER COMPEL ANSWER INTERROGATORIES;
06/06/2013 Ex Parte Action With Order Comment -: EX-PARTE ACTION WITH ORDER; COMM. ROBERT D. SAUERLENDER;
06/20/2013 Declaration of Mailing View Document DECLARATION OF MAILING Comment 12: DECLARATION OF MAILING;
09/11/2013 Satisfaction of Judgment View Document SATISFACTION OF JUDGMENT Comment 13: SATISFACTION OF JUDGMENT;
20-2-00213-23 | JENNA MARIE KELLY ALLRED vs ROBERT NEIL JR ALLRED Case Number 20-2-00213-23
Court Mason
File Date 05/29/2020
Case Type DVP Domestic Violence
Case Status Completed/Re-Completed
Party
Respondent (WIP) ALLRED, ROBERT NEIL JR
DOB XX/XX/1971
Active Attorneys Lead Attorney Rawnsley, Patrick William
Retained
Petitioner (WIP) ALLRED, JENNA MARIE KELLY
DOB XX/XX/1970
Minor (WIP) Allred, Robert J
DOB XX/XX/2003
Minor (WIP) Allred, Madeline Dawn
DOB XX/XX/2005
Events and Hearings
05/29/2020 Confidential Information Form
1 05/29/2020 Petition for Order for Protection View Document Petition for Order for Protection
2 05/29/2020 Temporary Order for Protection View Document Temporary Order for Protection Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L
3 05/29/2020 Order to Surrender Weapon CPL Restriction View Document Order to Surrender Weapon CPL Restriction Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L
4 06/02/2020 Return of Service View Document Return of Service
5 06/02/2020 Return of Service View Document Return of Service
6 06/09/2020 Notice of Appearance View Document Notice of Appearance
7 06/11/2020 Notice of Appearance View Document Notice of Appearance
8 06/11/2020 Order Reissuing Temporary Protection Order View Document Order Reissuing Temporary Protection Order Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
9 06/12/2020 Domestic Violence View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held
10 06/12/2020 Hearing Stricken In Court Other Reason View Document Mason Minutes
11 06/26/2020 Domestic Violence View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties Present Respondent (WIP)Attorney: RAWNSLEY, PATRICK WILLIAM
12 06/26/2020 Motion Hearing View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
13 06/26/2020 Order Reissuing Temporary Protection Order View Document Order Reissuing Temporary Protection Order Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
14 07/10/2020 Domestic Violence View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Cobb, Monty D Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties PresentPetitioner (WIP): ALLRED, JENNA MARIE KELLY Respondent (WIP) Attorney: RAWNSLEY, PATRICK WILLIAM
23 08/17/2020 Order Reissuing Temporary Protection Order View Document Order Reissuing Temporary Protection Order Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L
24 08/31/2020 Domestic Violence View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Comment COBB DISQ.; being heard by Sauerlender @ 11:30 Parties Present Petitioner (WIP): ALLRED, JENNA MARIE KELLY Respondent (WIP) Attorney: RAWNSLEY, PATRICK WILLIAM
26 08/31/2020 Order Reissuing Temporary Protection Order View Document Order Reissuing Temporary Protection Order Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
27 09/03/2020 Notice of Absence Unavailability View Document Notice of Absence Unavailability
28 09/10/2020 Domestic Violence View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties PresentRespondent (WIP)Attorney: RAWNSLEY, PATRICK WILLIAM
30 09/10/2020 Order Reissuing Temporary Protection Order View Document Order Reissuing Temporary Protection Order Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L
31 09/17/2020 Domestic Violence View Document Mason MinutesJudicial Officer Finlay, Amber L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties PresentPetitioner (WIP): ALLRED, JENNA MARIE KELLY Respondent (WIP): ALLRED, ROBERT NEIL JR Attorney: RAWNSLEY, PATRICK WILLIAM
37 04/26/2021 Notice of Withdrawal of Attorney View Document Notice of Withdrawal of Attorney
38 08/04/2021 Petition View Document Petition Comment FOR RENEWAL OF ORDER FOR PROTECTION
39 08/04/2021 Notice of Hearing View Document Notice of Hearing
40 08/09/2021 Return of Service View Document Return of Service
41 08/13/2021 Notice of Withdrawal of Attorney View Document Notice of Withdrawal of Attorney
42& 43 08/23/2021 Domestic Violence Original Type Domestic Violence View Document Mason Minutes View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties Present Petitioner (WIP): ALLRED, JENNA MARIE KELLY
45 08/23/2021 Order for Protection Renewal Reissue View Document Order for Protection Renewal Reissue Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L
46 08/23/2021 Order Vacating View Document Order Vacating Judicial Officer Finlay, Amber L Comment order renewing Protection Order
47 08/23/2021 Declaration of Mailing View Document Declaration of Mailing
48 09/13/2021 Protection Order Original Type Protection Order View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer(s) Finlay, Amber L, Sauerlender, Robert D Hearing Time 9:00 AM Result Held Parties Present Petitioner (WIP): ALLRED, JENNA MARIE KELLYRespondent (WIP): ALLRED, ROBERT NEIL JR Attorney: Rawnsley, Patrick William
49 09/13/2021 Motion Hearing View Document Mason Minutes Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
50 09/13/2021 Order for Protection Renewal Reissue View Document Order for Protection Renewal Reissue Judicial Officer Sauerlender, Robert D
